![]() ![]() Although several reviews of remineralized materials have been published ( Cochrane et al., 2010 Ding et al., 2017 Pandya and Diekwisch, 2019), enamel remineralized materials have been innovated and developed. Therefore, materials for enamel remineralization have a bright future in clinic. These functional materials are designed to rebuild remineralized tissue on damaged enamel surfaces, thereby preventing disease progression while also improving aesthetics and mechanical strength. They can be divided into inorganic materials, organic materials, and polymeric materials ( Figure 1). Functional materials can promote and arrange the deposition of calcium and phosphate ions or alter the solubility of the HA. Remineralized materials are essential to enamel repair. Remineralization requires replacing minerals lost during the early stages of demineralization to restore enamel hardness or structure. By comparison, enamel remineralization can be an effective clinical method for restoring the natural properties and structure of enamel while avoiding the problems associated with filling materials. In terms of composition, mechanical properties, and appearance, these composites differ significantly from enamel. Therefore, artificial materials such as resin, metal or bioglass are commonly used for clinical repair of cavities ( Dorri et al., 2017). It is difficult to repair enamel on its own due to the lack of sufficient calcium and phosphate ions in saliva ( Lawn et al., 2010 Lacruz et al., 2017). Currently, hundreds of millions of people in the world is under the enamel damage ( Peres et al., 2019). However, enamel is susceptible to acid, causing enamel demineralization and even developing cavities ( Pitts et al., 2017). The enamel, consisting of 96–97 wt% inorganic hydroxyapatite (HA, Ca 10(PO 4) 6(OH) 2), 3wt% water and 1wt% organic material, is the hardest tissue in the human body ( Bowen et al., 2018 Harper et al., 2021). In this review, advanced materials for enamel remineralization were briefly summarized, furthermore, an outlook on the perspective of remineralization materials were addressed. These remineralization materials have great potential for clinical application. In this process, functional materials guide the deposition of minerals on the damaged enamel, and the structure and hardness of the enamel are then restored. Remineralization treatment can control the progression of caries by inhibiting and reversing enamel demineralization at an early stage. Therefore, it is critical to effectively stop the development of enamel caries. 3Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine, Nanchang, Jiangxi, Chinaĭental caries, a chronic and irreversible disease caused by caries-causing bacteria, has been listed as one of the three major human diseases to be prevented and treated.2Jiangxi Province Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Nanchang, China.1School of Stomatology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China.Jiarong Xu 1 Hui Shi 1,2 Jun Luo 1,2 Haiyan Yao 1,3 Pei Wang 1,2,3 Zhihua Li 1,2,3* Junchao Wei 1,2,3* ![]()
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